![]() When the emperor refused, a squadron of Britain’s most up-to-date warships arrived in 1840 to brush aside the Celestial Empire’s junks and blast its coastal towns into ruins. ![]() ![]() After China declared a war on drugs in 1839, confiscating well over 1,000 tons of opium from dealers - mostly British - in Canton (modern Guangzhou), the cartels pressured their government back in London into demanding that Beijing repay them the full street value of their narcotics. $35.Ī century before its finest hour, the British Empire went through what may have been its darkest. IMPERIAL TWILIGHT The Opium War and the End of China’s Last Golden Age By Stephen R.
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